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여러분들의 내신 1등급을 확실하게 도와드릴
'2020년 11월 고2모의고사 어법 변형문제 및 정답'입니다.
18번부터 42번까지 어법 중요 포인트 모두 잡았구요
시험에서 어떻게 나올 수 있는지까지 알려드립니다.
(출제율 90% 이상입니다)
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꼭 1등급 받으세요!!!
18번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
To the Principal of Gullard High School,
My name is Nancy Watson, and I am the captain of the student dance club at Gullard High School. We are one of the biggest faces of the school, ①win a lot of awards and trophies. However, the school isn’t allowing our club ②to practice on the school field because a lot of teachers worry ③that we are going to mess up the field. This is causing us to lose practice time and ultimately ④result in creating a bad high school experience for us. We promise to use the space ⑤respectfully. Therefore, I’m asking you to allow us ⑥to use the school field for our dance practice. I ⑦would be grateful if you reconsider your decision. Thank you very much.
Sincerely,
Nancy Watson
정답 : ①winning / ④results
19번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Ryan, an ①eleven‑years‑old boy, ran home as fast as he could. Finally, summer break had started! When he entered the house, his mom was standing in front of the refrigerator, ②waited for him. She told him ③to pack his bags. Ryan’s heart soared like a balloon. Pack for what? Are we going to Disneyland? He couldn’t remember the last time his parents ④had taken him on a vacation. His eyes beamed. “You’re spending the summer with uncle Tim and aunt Gina.” Ryan groaned. “The whole summer?” “Yes, the whole summer.” The anticipation he had felt ⑤to disappear in a flash. For three whole miserable weeks, he ⑥would be on his aunt and uncle’s farm. He sighed.
정답 : ①eleven‑year‑old / ②waiting / ⑤disappeared
20번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
When ①trying to convince someone to change their mind, most people try to lay out a logical argument, or make a passionate plea as to why their view is right and ②another person’s opinion is wrong. But when you ③think about it, you’ll realize that this doesn’t often work. As soon as someone figures out ④what you are on a mission to change their mind, the metaphorical shutters ⑤go down. You’ll have better luck if you ask well‑chosen, open‑ended questions that let someone ⑥to challenge their own assumptions. We tend to approve of an idea if we thought of it first―or at least, if we think we thought of it first. Therefore, encouraging someone ⑦questioning their own worldview will often yield better results than ⑧trying to force them into accepting your opinion as fact. Ask someone well‑chosen questions ⑨looking at their own views from another angle, and this might trigger fresh insights.
정답 : ②the other / ④that / ⑥challenge / ⑦to question / ⑨to look
21번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
In school, there’s one curriculum, one right way to study science, and one right formula that spits out the correct answer on a standardized test. Textbooks with grand titles like The Principles of Physics magically ①revealing “the principles” in three hundred pages. An authority figure then steps up to the lectern ②to feed us “the truth.” ③While theoretical physicist David Gross explained in his Nobel lecture, textbooks often ignore the many alternate paths that people wandered down, the many false clues they followed, the many misconceptions they had. We learn about Newton’s “laws”—as if they ④arrived by a grand divine visitation or a stroke of genius—but ⑤not the years he spent exploring, revising, and changing them. The laws that Newton failed to establish―most notably his experiments in alchemy, which attempted, and spectacularly failed, ⑥turning lead into gold―don’t make the cut as part of the one‑dimensional story ⑦told in physics classrooms. Instead, our education system turns the life stories of these scientists from lead to gold.
정답 : ①reveal / ③As / ⑥to turn
22번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
The vast majority of companies, schools, and organizations measure and reward “high performance” in terms of individual metrics such as sales numbers, résumé accolades, and test scores. The problem with this approach ①being that it is based on a belief we thought science had fully confirmed: ②which we live in a world of “survival of the fittest.” It teaches us that ③those with the best grades, or the most impressive résumé, or the highest point score, will be the ONLY ones to succeed. The formula is simple: ④being better and smarter and more creative than everyone else, and you will be successful. But this formula is inaccurate. Thanks to new research, we now know that achieving our highest potential ⑤is not about survival of the fittest but survival of the best fit. In other words, success is not just about how creative or smart or ⑥driving you are, but how well you are able to connect with, contribute to, and benefit from the ecosystem of people around you.
정답 : ①is / ②that / ④be / ⑥driven
23번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
I was brought up to believe that if I get lost in a large forest, I will sooner or later end up ①what I started. Without knowing it, people who ②are lost will always walk in a circle. In the book Finding Your Way Without Map or Compass, author Harold Gatty confirms that this is true. We tend to walk in circles for several ③reasons. The most important is that virtually no human has two legs of the ④exactly same length. One leg is always ⑤slightly longer than ⑥another, and this causes us ⑦to turn without even noticing it. In addition, if you are hiking with a backpack on, the weight of that backpack will ⑧inevitable throw you off balance. Our dominant hand factors into the mix too. If you are ⑨right‑hand, you will have a tendency to turn toward the right. And when you meet an obstacle, you will ⑩subconsciously decide to pass it on the right side.
정답 : ①where / ④exact / ⑥the other / ⑧inevitably / ⑨right‑handed /
24번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
In government, in law, in culture, and in routine everyday interaction beyond family and immediate neighbours, a ①wide understood and clearly formulated language ②is a great aid to mutual confidence. When ③dealt with property, with contracts, or even just with the routine exchange of goods and services, concepts and descriptions ④need to be as precise and unambiguous as ⑤possibly, otherwise misunderstandings will arise. If full communication with a potential counterparty in a deal ⑥is not possible, then uncertainty and probably a measure of distrust will remain. As economic life became more complex in the later Middle Ages, the need for fuller and more precise communication ⑦accentuated. A shared language facilitated clarification and ⑧possible settlement of any disputes. In international trade also the use of a precise and well‑formulated language ⑨aided the process of translation. The Silk Road could only function at all because translators were always available at interchange points.
정답 : ①widely / ③dealing / ⑦was accentuated / ⑧possibly
26번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Alice Coachman was born in 1923, in Albany, Georgia, U.S.A. Since she was unable to access athletic training facilities because of the racism of the time, she trained using ①what was available to her, ②ran barefoot along the dirt roads near her home and ③using homemade equipment to practice her jumping. Her talent in track and field ④was noticeable as early as elementary school. Coachman kept practicing hard and ⑤gained attention with her achievements in several competitions ⑥for her time in high school and college. In the 1948 London Olympics, Coachman competed in the high jump, ⑦reached 5 feet, 6.5 inches, ⑧set both an Olympic and an American record. This accomplishment made her the first black woman ⑨win an Olympic gold medal. She is in nine different Halls of Fame, including the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame. Coachman died in 2014, at the age of 90 in Georgia after she ⑩had dedicated her life to education.
정답 : ②running / ⑥during / ⑦reaching / ⑧setting / ⑨to win
30번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
On projects in the built environment, people consider safety and functionality ①nonnegotiable. But the aesthetics of a new project—how it is designed—②is too often considered ③irrelevantly. The question of how its design affects human beings ④is rarely asked. People think that design makes something highfalutin, ⑤calling architecture, and ⑥that architecture differs from building, just as ⑦sure as the Washington National Cathedral ⑧differing from the local community church. This distinction between architecture and building—or ⑨more general, between design and utility—couldn’t be ⑩more wrong. More and more we are learning that the design of all our built environments matters so ⑪profound that safety and functionality must not be our only urgent priorities. All kinds of design elements influence people’s experiences, not only of the environment but also of ⑫them. They shape our cognitions, emotions, and actions, and even our well‑being. They actually help ⑬constitute our very sense of identity.
정답 : ③irrelevant / ⑤called / ⑦surely / ⑧differs / ⑨more generally / ⑪profoundly / ⑫themselves
31번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Over 4.5 billion years ago, the Earth’s primordial atmosphere was probably ①large water vapour, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen. The appearance and subsequent evolution of ②exceeding primitive ③alive organisms (bacteria‑like microbes and simple ④single‑celled plants) ⑤beginning to change the atmosphere, liberating oxygen and breaking down carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. This made ⑥that possible for higher organisms ⑦to develop. When the earliest ⑧known plant cells with nuclei ⑨evolving about 2 billion years ago, the atmosphere seems ⑩to have only about 1 percent of its present content of oxygen. With the emergence of the first land plants, about 500 million years ago, oxygen ⑪reaching about one‑third of its present concentration. It ⑫had risen to almost its present level by about 370 million years ago, ⑬then animals first spread on to land. Today’s atmosphere is thus not just a requirement to sustain life ⑭as we know it―it is also a consequence of life.
정답 : ①largely / ②exceedingly / ③living / ⑤began / ⑥it / ⑨evolved / ⑩to have had / ⑪reached / ⑬when
32번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
One of the primary ways ①in which music is able to take on significance in our inner world ②being by the way it interacts with memory. Memories associated with important emotions tend to be more ③deep embedded in our memory than ④the other events. Emotional memories are more likely to be ⑤vividly remembered and are more likely ⑥to be recalled with the passing of time ⑦as neutral memories. Since music can be ⑧extreme emotionally evocative, key life events can be emotionally heightened by the presence of music, ⑨ensured that memories of the event ⑩become deeply encoded. Retrieval of those memories is then enhanced by contextual effects, ⑪which a recreation of a similar context to ⑫what in which the memories were encoded can facilitate their retrieval. Thus, re‑hearing the same music ⑬associated with the event can activate ⑭intensely vivid memories of the event.
정답 : ①by which / ②is / ③deeply / ④other / ⑦than / ⑧extremely / ⑨ensuring / ⑪in which / ⑫that
33번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
We are now imposing ourselves on nature, instead of ①another way around. Perhaps the clearest way to see this ②is to look at changes in the biomass—the total worldwide weight—of mammals. A long time ago, all of us humans together probably ③weighed only about two‑thirds as ④many as all the bison in North America, and less than one‑eighth as much as all the elephants in Africa. But in the Industrial Era our population exploded and we killed bison and elephants at industrial scale ⑤and terrible numbers. The balance shifted ⑥greatly as a result. At present, we humans weigh more than 350 times as much as all bison and elephants ⑦putting together. We weigh over ten times more than all the earth’s wild mammals ⑧combined. And if we add in all the mammals we’ve domesticated—cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, and so on—the comparison ⑨becoming truly ridiculous: we and our ⑩tamed animals now represent 97 percent of the earth’s mammalian biomass. This comparison illustrates a fundamental point: instead of ⑪being limited by the environment, we learned to shape it to our own ends.
정답 : ①the other / ④much / ⑤and in / ⑦put / ⑨becomes
34번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
In the modern world, we look for certainty in uncertain places. We search for order in chaos, the right answer in ambiguity, and conviction in complexity. “We spend ①so more time and effort on trying to control the world,” best‑selling writer Yuval Noah Harari ②saying, “than on trying to understand it.” We look for the easy‑to‑follow formula. Over time, we lose our ability to interact with ③the unknown. Our approach reminds me ④of the classic story of the drunk man ⑤searches for his keys under a street lamp at night. He knows he lost his keys somewhere on the dark side of the street but ⑥looked for them underneath the lamp, because that’s ⑦where the light is. Our yearning for certainty leads us to pursue ⑧seeming safe solutions—by looking for our keys under street lamps. Instead of taking the risky walk into the dark, we stay within our current state, ⑨how inferior it may be.
정답 : ①far / ②says / ⑤searching / ⑥looks / ⑧seemingly / ⑨however
35번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
As ①far back as the seventeenth century, hair had a special spiritual significance in Africa. Many African cultures saw the head as the center of control, communication, and identity in the body. Hair ②was regarded as a source of power that personified the individual and ③could be used for spiritual purposes or even ④cast a spell. Since it rests on the highest point on the body, hair itself was a means ⑤to communicate with divine spirits and it was treated in ways that ⑥thought to bring good luck or protect against evil. According to authors Ayana Byrd and Lori Tharps, “communication from the gods and spirits ⑦was thought to pass through the hair to get to the soul.” In Cameroon, for example, medicine men attached hair to containers that held their healing potions in order to protect the potions and ⑧enhance their effectiveness.
정답 : ④to cast / ⑥were thought
36번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Mark Granovetter examined the extent ①which information about jobs ②flowed through weak versus strong ties among a group of people. He found that only a sixth of jobs that came via the network ③to be from strong ties, with the rest ④coming via medium or weak ties; and with more than a quarter ⑤came via weak ties. Strong ties can be more homophilistic. Our closest friends are often those who are most like us. This means that they might have information that is most relevant to us, but it also means that it is information ⑥by which we may already be exposed. In contrast, our weaker relationships are often with people who are more distant both geographically and demographically. Their information is more novel. ⑦Even though we talk to these people less ⑧frequently, we have so many weak ties ⑨which they end up being a sizable source of information, especially of information ⑩on which we don’t otherwise have access.
정답 : ①to which / ③were / ⑤coming / ⑥to which / ⑨that / ⑩to which
37번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
When we think of culture, we first think of human cultures, of our culture. We think of computers, airplanes, fashions, teams, and pop stars. For most of human cultural history, none of those things ①existed. For hundreds of thousands of years, no human culture had a tool with ②moved parts. Well into the twentieth century, various human foraging cultures ③retained tools of stone, wood, and bone. We might pity human hunter‑gatherers for their stuck simplicity, but we would ④be made a mistake. They held extensive knowledge, knew deep secrets of their lands and creatures. And they experienced rich and ⑤rewarded lives; we know so ⑥because of when their ways were threatened, they fought ⑦holding on to them, to the death. Sadly, this remains ⑧truly as the final tribal peoples get overwhelmed by those who value money above humanity. We are living in their end times and, to ⑨varying extents, we’re all contributing to those endings. Ultimately our values may even prove ⑩self‑defeating.
정답 : ②moving / ④be making / ⑤rewarding / ⑥because / ⑦to hold / ⑧true
38번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Liquids are destructive. Foams feel soft because they are ①easily compressed; if you jump on to a foam mattress, you’ll feel it ②given beneath you. Liquids don’t do this; instead they flow. You see this in a river, or when you turn on a tap, or if you use a spoon to stir your coffee. When you jump off a diving board and ③hit a body of water, the water has to flow away from you. But the flowing takes time, and if your speed of impact is too great, the water won’t be able to flow away ④enough fast, and so it pushes back at you. It’s that force that stings your skin as you belly‑flop into a pool, and makes ⑤fall into water from a great height like landing on concrete. The incompressibility of water is also ⑥because waves can have such ⑦dead power, and in the case of tsunamis, why they can destroy buildings and cities, ⑧toss cars around easily.
정답 : ②give / ④fast enough / ⑤falling / ⑥why / ⑦deadly / ⑧tossing
39번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
In the late twentieth century, researchers sought to measure how fast and how far news, rumours or innovations ①moving. More recent research has shown ②that ideas―even emotional states and conditions―can ③be transmitted through a social network. The evidence of this kind of contagion is clear: ‘Students with studious roommates become more studious. Diners ④sitting next to heavy eaters eat more food.’ However, according to Christakis and Fowler, we cannot transmit ideas and behaviours ⑤much beyond our friends’ friends’ friends (in other words, across just three degrees of separation). This is ⑥why the transmission and reception of an idea or behaviour ⑦require a stronger connection than the relaying of a letter or the communication ⑧which a certain employment opportunity exists. ⑨Merely knowing people is not the same as ⑩being able to influence them to study more or over‑eat. Imitation is indeed the sincerest form of flattery, even when it is unconscious.
정답 : ①moved / ⑥because / ⑦requires / ⑧that
40번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
In 2011, Micah Edelson and his colleagues conducted an ①interesting experiment about external factors of memory manipulation. In their experiment, participants ②showed a two minute documentary film and then ③asked a series of questions about the video. ④Direct after viewing the videos, participants made ⑤few errors in their responses and were ⑥correctly able to recall the details. Four days later, they could still remember the details and didn’t allow their memories ⑦to sway when they were presented with any false information about the film. This changed, however, when participants ⑧were shown fake responses about the film ⑨made by other participants. Upon seeing the incorrect answers of ⑩the others, participants were also drawn toward the wrong answers themselves.
정답 : ②were shown / ④Directly / ⑦to be swayed / ⑩others
41~42번
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법 상 틀린 곳을 찾아 모두 올바르게 고치시오.
Evolutionary biologists believe sociability drove the evolution of our complex brains. Fossil evidence shows that as far back as 130,000 years ago, it was not unusual for Homo sapiens ①to travel more than a hundred and fifty miles to trade, ②sharing food and, no doubt, gossip. Unlike the Neanderthals, their social groups extended far beyond their own families. Remembering all those connections, who was related to whom, and where they lived ③to require considerable ④processing power. It also required wayfinding savvy. Imagine trying ⑤to maintain a social network across tens or hundreds of square miles of Palaeolithic wilderness. You couldn’t send a text message to your friends to find out where they were―you had to go out and visit them, remember where you last saw them or imagine where they ⑥might go. To do this, you needed navigation skills, spatial awareness, a sense of direction, the ability to store maps of the landscape in your mind and the motivation to travel around. Canadian anthropologist Ariane Burke believes that our ancestors developed all these attributes ⑦while trying to keep in touch with their neighbours. Eventually, our brains became primed for wayfinding. Meanwhile the Neanderthals, who didn’t travel as far, never ⑧fostering a spatial skill set; ⑨despite being sophisticated hunters, well adapted to the cold and able to see in the dark, they went extinct. In the prehistoric badlands, nothing was more useful than a circle of friends.
정답 : ②share / ③required / ⑥might have gone / ⑧fostered
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